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After Reconstruction, African Americans found themselves free, yet largely excluded from politics, higher education, and the professions. Drawing on his professional research into political leadership and intellectual development in African American society, as well as his personal roots in the social-gospel teachings of black churches and at Lincoln University (PA), the political scientist Martin Kilson explores how a modern African American intelligentsia developed in the face of institutionalized racism. In this survey of the origins, evolution, and future prospects of the African American elite, Kilson makes a passionate argument for the ongoing necessity of black leaders in the tradition of W. E. B. Du Bois, who summoned the "Talented Tenth" to champion black progress. Among the many dynamics that have shaped African American advancement, Kilson focuses on the damage--and eventual decline--of color elitism among the black professional class, the contrasting approaches of Du Bois and Booker T. Washington, and the consolidation of an ethos of self-conscious racial leadership. Black leaders who assumed this obligation helped usher in the civil rights movement. But mingled among the fruits of victory are the persistent challenges of poverty and inequality. As the black intellectual and professional class has grown larger and more influential than ever, counting the President of the United States in its ranks, new divides of class and ideology have opened in African American communities. Kilson asserts that a revival of commitment to communitarian leadership is essential for the continued pursuit of justice at home and around the world.

African Americans --- African American intellectuals. --- African American leadership. --- Elite (Social sciences) --- Negritude --- Afro-American leadership --- Leadership, African American --- Negro leadership --- Leadership --- Afro-American intellectuals --- Intellectuals, African American --- Intellectuals --- Intellectual life --- Race identity. --- Ethnic identity

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W. E. B. Du Bois never felt so at home as when he was a student at the University of Berlin. But Du Bois was also American to his core, scarred but not crippled by the racial humiliations of his homeland. In Lines of Descent, Kwame Anthony Appiah traces the twin lineages of Du Bois' American experience and German apprenticeship, showing how they shaped the great African-American scholar's ideas of race and social identity. At Harvard, Du Bois studied with such luminaries as William James and George Santayana, scholars whose contributions were largely intellectual. But arriving in Berlin in 1892, Du Bois came under the tutelage of academics who were also public men. The economist Adolf Wagner had been an advisor to Otto von Bismarck. Heinrich von Treitschke, the historian, served in the Reichstag, and the economist Gustav von Schmoller was a member of the Prussian state council. These scholars united the rigorous study of history with political activism and represented a model of real-world engagement that would strongly influence Du Bois in the years to come. With its romantic notions of human brotherhood and self-realization, German culture held a potent allure for Du Bois. Germany, he said, was the first place white people had treated him as an equal. But the prevalence of anti-Semitism allowed Du Bois no illusions that the Kaiserreich was free of racism. His challenge, says Appiah, was to take the best of German intellectual life without its parochialism--to steal the fire without getting burned.

Education --- African Americans --- African American intellectuals. --- Afro-American intellectuals --- Intellectuals, African American --- Intellectuals --- Philosophy. --- Education. --- Intellectual life --- Du Bois, W. E. B. --- Du Bois, W. E. Burghardt --- Du Bois, W. E. --- Di︠u︡bua, Uilʹi︠a︡m Ėdvard Burgkhardt, --- Di︠u︡bua, Vilʹi︠a︡m, --- Du Bois, William Edward Burghardt, --- DuBois, W. E. B. --- Du Bois, William, --- Du Bois, W. B.

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"From 30 Americans to Angry White Boy, from Bamboozled to The Boondocks, from Chappelle's Show to The Colored Museum, this collection of twenty-one essays takes an interdisciplinary look at the flowering of satire and its influence in defining new roles in black identity. As a mode of expression for a generation of writers, comedians, cartoonists, musicians, filmmakers, and visual/conceptual artists, satire enables collective questioning of many of the fundamental presumptions about black identity in the wake of the civil rights movement. Whether taking place in popular and controversial television shows, in a provocative series of short internet films, in prize-winning novels and plays, in comic strips, or in conceptual hip hop albums, this satirical impulse has found a receptive audience both within and outside the black community. Such works have been variously called "post-black," "post-soul," and examples of a "New Black Aesthetic." Whatever the label, this collection bears witness to a noteworthy shift regarding the ways in which African American satirists feel constrained by conventional obligations when treating issues of racial identity, historical memory, and material representation of blackness. Among the artists examined in this collection are Paul Beatty, Dave Chappelle, Trey Ellis, Percival Everett, Donald Glover (a.k.a. Childish Gambino), Spike Lee, Aaron McGruder, Lynn Nottage, ZZ Packer, Suzan Lori-Parks, Mickalene Thomas, Touré, Kara Walker, and George C. Wolfe. The essays intentionally seek out interconnections among various forms of artistic expression. Contributors look at the ways in which contemporary African American satire engages in a broad ranging critique that exposes fraudulent, outdated, absurd, or otherwise damaging mindsets and behaviors both within and outside the African American community"--

African Americans in mass media. --- African Americans --- Satire, American --- African Americans in literature. --- African Americans in motion pictures. --- African Americans in popular culture. --- Race identity. --- History and criticism. --- Intellectual life. --- African American intellectuals --- Afro-Americans in popular culture --- Popular culture --- Afro-Americans in motion pictures --- Negroes in moving-pictures --- Motion pictures --- Race films --- Afro-Americans in literature --- Negroes in literature --- Negritude --- Afro-Americans in mass media --- Mass media --- Ethnic identity

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Negative stereotypes of African Americans have long been disseminated through the visual arts. This original and incisive study examines how black writers use visual tropes as literary devices to challenge readers' conceptions of black identity. Lena Hill charts two hundred years of African American literary history, from Phillis Wheatley to Ralph Ellison, and engages with a variety of canonical and lesser-known writers. Chapters interweave literary history, museum culture, and visual analysis of numerous illustrations with close readings of Booker T. Washington, Gwendolyn Bennett, Zora Neale Hurston, Melvin Tolson, and others. Together, these sections register the degree to which African American writers rely on vision - its modes, consequences, and insights - to demonstrate black intellectual and cultural sophistication. Hill's provocative study will interest scholars and students of African American literature and American literature more broadly.

African Americans in art --- African Americans in literature --- Afro-Americains dans l'art --- Afro-Americans in literature --- Afro-Amerikanen in de kunst --- Afro-Amerikanen in de literatuur --- Afro-Américains dans la littérature --- Amerikaanse zwarten in de literatuur --- Black Americans in literature --- Harlem Renaissance --- Negroes in literature --- Noirs américains dans la littérature --- Zwarte Amerikanen in de literatuur --- African Americans --- American literature --- Blacks --- Black identity --- Blackness (Race identity) --- Negritude --- Race identity of blacks --- Racial identity of blacks --- Ethnicity --- Race awareness --- English literature --- Agrarians (Group of writers) --- African American intellectuals --- Afro-Americans in art --- Negroes in art --- Intellectual life --- African American authors&delete& --- History and criticism --- Race identity --- African American authors --- Du Bois, William Edward Burghardt --- Criticism and interpretation --- Washington, Booker Taliaferro --- Hurston, Zora Neale --- Tolson, Melvin Beaunorus --- Ellison, Ralph Waldo --- African Americans in literature. --- African Americans in art. --- History and criticism. --- Race identity. --- Intellectual life. --- Race identity of Black people --- Racial identity of Black people --- Black persons --- Negroes --- Ethnology --- Black people